H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; includes inheritance and gift taxesReturn

Public spending on family benefits is provided by three ways - tax breaks, cash benefits and public services for families. There is wide variety of tax breaks for families among the OECD member countries. The main purpose of this article thesis is to analyse which of selected explanatory variables have an impact on the difference in personal income tax burden between childless taxpayers and families with children and which explanatory variables have impact on the amount of public expenditure on family benefits in the OECD member countries. In tax burden regression analyzes, I used two models for families with children, the first one for the families with two parents and the second one for the families with one parent. Based on the models created, I found out that for the explained variable the difference in personal income tax burden is a statistically significant explanatory variable the GDP per capita, for complete families in 2005 and 2010 and for incomplete ones in all the reference years. In a model where the explained variable was the amount of public spending on family support, I found out that there was significant explanatory variable the gender wage gap.

The article identifies characteristics of Czech individuals, which influence participation rate and contribution size in the government-subsidized supplementary retirement savings scheme, the 3rd pillar of the pension system. Using the representative sample of individuals, I show that men are by 8 percentage points more likely to participate in the 3rd pillar than women, but their average contributions are of similar size. Higher participation rates as well as contributions exhibit employees with higher incomes, older people and those working longer hours. More than a third (36%) of participants contributed 500 Czech crowns monthly to the 3rd pillar, which was identical with a ceiling, valid until the end of 2012, for a government subsidy of 0.3 crowns per each crown contributed. These results suggest that a large share of population has a larger propensity for long-term saving than they actually save.

The last two years are in the European Union in the process of trying to increase tax rates on income of legal or natural persons. Czech Republic focused on collection more tax revenue from individuals. The way to do is the introduction of the solidarity surcharge, partly to reduce certain tax relief for businesses. This article is focused on examining changes in the amount of the tax burden of individuals in any groups. The changes will affect all entrepreneurs who do not record actual expenditures, but use lump sum payment as the expenditures. Articles also discuss some possibility for tax optimization, such as the tax base allocation to co-wife or go to the reporting of actual expenditure.

The Czech Republic is currently setting up so called single collection point. The aim of this project is to merge collection of taxes, duties and contributions on public insurances. The main goal of the merged administration is simplification, efficiency and rationalization of tax, duties and obligatory contribution administration. We analyze up to now course in setting up the single collection point in the Czech Republic and discuss opportunities and related risks concentrating on merger of tax and insurance contributions administrations. We briefly state also the experiences of other states with similar projects and emphasize similarities with single collection point in the Czech Republic.

The paper deals with selected changes in Czech legal regulations in the area of international taxation of incomes from employment in the period 1993-2012. Authors pay attention to some provisions of the Act on Income Taxes that govern taxation of Czech tax resident who acquires foreign income from employment. The main focus is concentrated above all to domestic legal regulation, however, there is a marginal space granted also to the some aspects on the level of international and European Union law. Concerning domestic legal regulation, authors primarily deal with the history in legal regulation of natural persons´ tax residency according to Act on Income Taxes. The stress is put on introduction and assessment of changes specific for incomes from employment. Subsequently, there is treated a history in the conception of partial tax base from employment having its source abroad. For comprehensible reasons, the attention is given to the issue of double taxation avoidance putting stress on Sec. 38f para. (4) of the Act on Income Taxes. In relation to last mentioned, there are presented outputs of mathematical models describing a dependence of tax-payer´s tax liability on a share of foreign income (partial tax base - incomes from employment) in total tax base.