D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and UncertaintyReturn

This article explains behavior of fiscal deceiver who is aversive to a risk as rational and economic behavior. This fiscal deceiver contemplates and costs against possible utility during the tampering of the law (tax) standards. Within this article is the decision making of the fiscal deceiver demonstrated in four simple model examples. The main objective of this paper is to show by using model examples the behavior of individuals at risk in the context of paying taxes and to draw appropriate measures from these examples to increase tax collection (thus reducing the advantages of tax evasion and increase its detection). As an appropriate and effective measures can be recommended the increase of fines and restrictions on registration in Prague. To increase the frequency of tax audits and the implementation of general measures, such as inspection reports, is certainly not a good idea because it is expensive for tax payers and the state.

This article is dealt with changes in integration process on financial market, namely for banking and insurance market. Tendency of banks and insurance companies to develop of bancassurance brings synergic effects and intersectional stabilizer. Citizens of each country have different ideas about the financials products and services. Nevertheless bancassurance creates on the market completely a new space but it can be expected that its popularity will not be grow in the future.

This article is dealt about present financial crisis as a result of previous credit expansion through public finance, consumer or mortgage credits above the frame tolerable of market principles. Debt problem vas mask with financial instrument innovations namely structured bonds in securing form. By the help of this instruments were walked around the state regulatory barriers and postpone assignment of disequilibrium. Authors show on the role of investment banking and rating agencies in this process. Special attention is paid to impact of financial crisis on insurance business, partly from the point of view obligations insurance, partly of from the point of view portfolio impacts. The article calls attention on asymmetry information problem and possible influence of crisis impact on stabilization regulatory projects (namely Solvency II for insurance branch) which have had made more efficient governmental supervisory body on financial markets.

The Nobel Prize award to scientists for thier theoretical contribution to analysis of markets with asymmetrical informations has reawakened debates on the behavior and decision-making of economic player under uncertainty. Becouse insurance is an classic example of such a situation, it is used to illustrate the cases of asymmetry, for the clients is supposed to know better his own exposure then the insurer. In fact, the client´s objective exposure apriori be cannot quantified from the point of wiew of exact sciencis and his decision is futher influenced by psychological and sociological faktors. The insurer is better equipped to make calculations, drawing on past experience and using the laws of statistics, furtermore, he takes antiselection on account. The final part of the paper explores the field of insurance market regulation in relation to the asymmetry of information between an insurance company and its client.